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Osteoarthritis: Does High-Impact Exercise Really Wear Out Your Joints?

9/1/2026

 
​For years, people with knee or hip osteoarthritis have been told to avoid activities like running, tennis, jumping, or other high-impact exercises because they might "wear out" their joints faster.
But new research published in the British Journal of Sports Medicine is challenging that long-held belief.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42414085/
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What Did the Study Find?
Researchers followed more than 17,000 people with hip or knee osteoarthritis over a 12-month period to determine whether participating in high-impact physical activity increased the likelihood of needing a joint replacement.
The results were surprising (not to us of course):
  • People with hip osteoarthritis who participated in high-impact activities had a 36–48% lower chance of needing a hip replacement within the following year.
  • People with knee osteoarthritis who remained active with higher-impact exercise did not have an increased risk of knee replacement.
In other words, staying active—even with higher-impact activities when appropriate—did not appear to damage joints or speed up arthritis progression.
Does This Mean Everyone Should Start Running?
Not necessarily.
The key message isn't that everyone with osteoarthritis should suddenly begin high-impact exercise. Instead, the study suggests that high-impact activity isn't automatically harmful for people with osteoarthritis.
The best exercise depends on several factors, including:
  • Your current pain level
  • Joint mobility
  • Muscle strength
  • Balance
  • Overall fitness
  • Personal goals
For some people, walking may be the right starting point. Others may safely continue jogging, hiking, pickleball, tennis, or recreational sports.
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Why Movement Matters
One of the biggest misconceptions about arthritis is that painful joints should be rested.
In reality, the opposite is often true.
Regular exercise helps:
  • Strengthen the muscles that support your joints
  • Improve flexibility and mobility
  • Reduce stiffness
  • Improve balance
  • Increase endurance
  • Support a healthy weight, reducing stress on joints
  • Improve confidence in movement
The study also found that people with better physical function had a slightly lower risk of knee replacement, highlighting how important strength and mobility can be.
Don't Let Fear Stop You
Many people avoid activity because they're worried they'll make their arthritis worse.
Fortunately, research continues to show that "hurt" does not always mean "harm."
Some soreness after activity is normal, especially when beginning a new exercise program. That doesn't necessarily mean you're causing damage.
A physical therapist can help you understand the difference between expected discomfort and signs that an activity should be modified.
How Physical Therapy Can Help
Every person with osteoarthritis is different.
A physical therapist can evaluate your movement, identify areas of weakness or stiffness, and develop a personalized plan that helps you stay active safely.
Your treatment plan may include:
  • Strength training
  • Balance exercises
  • Flexibility and mobility work
  • Walking or running progression
  • Sport-specific training
  • Pain management strategies
  • Education about safely returning to activities you enjoy
The goal isn't simply to reduce pain—it's to help you continue doing the things that matter most to you.
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The Bottom Line
This new research offers encouraging news for people living with osteoarthritis.
Higher-impact activities do not appear to increase the risk of joint replacement for most people with knee osteoarthritis and may even be associated with a lower risk of hip replacement in people with hip osteoarthritis.
Rather than avoiding movement out of fear, work with a physical therapist to determine what types of exercise are safe and appropriate for your body. With the right guidance, staying active can help you move better, feel stronger, and maintain your independence for years to come.​



Reference: Liew BXW, Grønne DT, Roos EM, Skou ST. High-impact physical activity participation and 12-month risk of joint replacement: a longitudinal mediation analysis of 17,661 patients with knee or hip osteoarthritis. British Journal of Sports Medicine. Published online July 9, 2026.

Huntsville, AL Physical Therapy
Athens, AL Physical Therapy 
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Spinal Manipulation: What the Research Actually Says

8/22/2026

 
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Spinal manipulation therapy (SMT) has been around for decades, but conversations about its effectiveness are often clouded by outdated claims, misconceptions, and marketing noise. So what does the current research actually tell us?
A comprehensive review published in late 2024 examined more than 50 years of spinal manipulation research. It looked at how evidence has evolved, where gaps still exist, and what modern clinical practice guidelines recommend.
The findings are both reassuring—and clarifying.

What the Evidence Supports
The review analyzed 33 clinical practice guidelines (CPGs) and 59 recommendations related to spinal manipulation. The results were strikingly consistent:
  • Low Back Pain: 90% of recommendations favored spinal manipulation
  • Neck Pain: 100% of recommendations favored spinal manipulation
In addition, more recent evidence supports spinal manipulation for:
  • Cervicogenic headaches
  • Tension-type headaches
  • Sciatica and radiculopathy
  • Shoulder pain
  • Pregnancy-related low back pain
In other words, spinal manipulation is strongly supported as a treatment for musculoskeletal (MSK) conditions—especially those involving the spine and related structures.

What the Evidence Does Not Support
Equally important is what spinal manipulation doesn’t do.
Despite persistent claims you may see online or hear in certain settings, research does not support spinal manipulation for:
  • Disease prevention
  • Improving immune function
  • Treating menopause symptoms
  • Addressing developmental concerns
These claims fall outside the scope of current evidence and are not backed by modern clinical guidelines.

Why This Matters
This distinction is critical for both clinicians and patients.

Spinal manipulation is a valuable, evidence-based tool—but only when used appropriately. When applied to the right conditions (primarily MSK issues), it can help reduce pain, improve mobility, and support recovery.
But when it’s promoted as a cure-all, it undermines trust and distracts from what actually works.

A Note on the Research
One of the most compelling aspects of this review is that it includes research from across professions—including chiropractic literature. Even within that body of work, the conclusion is consistent:
Spinal manipulation is effective for musculoskeletal conditions—and not for systemic or non-MSK issues.

This is especially helpful in clinical discussions, where differing viewpoints often come up. The evidence itself provides a common ground.

The Bottom Line
Spinal manipulation isn’t magic—and it doesn’t need to be.
It’s a well-supported, targeted intervention for specific conditions, particularly:
  • Low back pain
  • Neck pain
  • Certain types of headaches
  • Nerve-related symptoms like sciatica
Used in the right context, it can be an important part of a comprehensive treatment plan.
And as always, the goal isn’t just to reduce symptoms—it’s to help people move better, feel better, and get back to doing what matters most.​



Source:
https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC11476883/


Sleep & Exercise: Is Morning or Evening Training Better?

7/16/2026

 
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​When it comes to improving sleep, one question comes up again and again:
Is it better to exercise in the morning or at night?
You’ve probably heard strong opinions on both sides—morning workouts to “set your rhythm,” or evening sessions to “burn off stress.” But what does the research actually say?
A recent 12-week randomized controlled trial set out to answer exactly that.
Source: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40419564/

What the Study Looked At
Researchers followed healthy young adults (ages 23–28) and split them into three groups:
  • Morning exercise
  • Evening exercise
  • No structured exercise
Beyond sleep, they also looked at:
  • Metabolic health
  • Cardiovascular (hemodynamic) markers
This gave a more complete picture of how exercise timing impacts overall health—not just sleep alone.

The Results: A Slight Edge… But a Clear Winner
There was a small difference:
  • Morning exercise showed a slight advantage in sleep quality
But here’s the more important finding:
Any exercise—regardless of time of day—significantly improved sleep compared to doing nothing.
That’s the real takeaway.
Why This Matters
It’s easy to get caught up in optimizing the details:
  • “Should I wake up at 5am to train?”
  • “Is my evening workout ruining my sleep?”
  • “Am I doing this wrong?”
But this study reinforces something simple—and powerful:
Consistency beats timing.
If you’re exercising regularly, you’re already doing the thing that matters most for sleep.
Breaking Down the Takeaways
1. Morning Exercise May Slightly Improve Sleep
  • Helps reinforce circadian rhythm
  • May promote earlier sleep onset
  • Can improve sleep consistency
👉 Helpful if you struggle with falling asleep or staying on a schedule
2. Evening Exercise Isn’t the Enemy
  • Did not negatively impact sleep in this study
  • Can help reduce stress and improve recovery
  • Still led to better outcomes than no exercise
👉 Good news if evenings are the only time you can realistically train
3. The Biggest Impact: Just Move
  • Exercise (anytime) improved sleep quality
  • Also improved metabolic and cardiovascular markers
👉 The difference between something and nothing is far greater than AM vs PM
So… When Should You Exercise?
Here’s the honest answer:
The best time to exercise is when you can do it consistently.
Not when your schedule is perfect.
Not when motivation is highest.
Not when the internet says it’s optimal.

When you can actually show up and do it regularly.
​

Practical Advice
If you’re trying to improve sleep:
  • Choose a time you can stick with long-term
  • Avoid overly intense workouts right before bed if you notice it affects you
  • Focus on consistency over perfection
If mornings work → great.
If evenings work → also great.


Final Thoughts
This study answers one of those “in the weeds” questions we tend to overthink.
Yes, morning exercise may have a slight edge for sleep—but it’s a small one.
The real difference comes from:
  • Moving your body
  • Doing it consistently
  • Making it part of your routine
Don’t let timing become a barrier. Just move. Your sleep will thank you.

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✨ Total Knee Replacement Journey: 7.5 Weeks of Hard Work  Progress ✨

6/16/2026

 
​From Day 1 on 4/24/26 to 6/15/26, this patient has shown consistency, and dedication!
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Week Zero: Fresh post-op, managing swelling, protecting the knee, and taking those first important steps toward recovery.
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​1 Month: Incision healing beautifully, mobility improving, strength returning, and confidence growing.
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​7.5 Weeks: Improved extension, decreased swelling, better movement, and a stronger, more functional knee ready for the next phase of recovery!
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A total knee replacement isn’t just about the surgery—it’s about the commitment to the rehab process. Every degree gained, every step taken, and every exercise completed adds up to moments like this. 

We are so proud of this patient’s determination and progress! ❤️

Your comeback story starts with the first step. Let us help you move better, feel stronger, and get back to doing what you love.

Caffeine & Strength: A Performance Edge for Athletes?

5/27/2026

 

When it comes to improving performance in the gym, most athletes are looking for anything that gives them an edge—especially on heavy training days.
Caffeine is one of the most researched (and used) performance enhancers out there. But beyond just “feeling more awake,” what does it actually do for strength and power?
A recent study looked at exactly that—and the results are especially relevant for strength athletes.

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What They Did:
Powerlifters were given either:
  • Caffeine: 8 mg/kg of bodyweight
  • Placebo
For context: a 220 lb (100 kg) athlete consumed about 800 mg of caffeine 😳
They then performed:
  • Back squat and deadlift
  • 3 reps at 40%, 60%, 80%, and 90% of their 1RM​ ​
What They Found:
​
The caffeine group consistently outperformed the placebo group—especially as intensity increased.
🚀 Improved Bar Speed at Every LoadAthletes who consumed caffeine moved the bar faster at all percentages, from warm-up weights to near-max loads.
For athletes, this matters.
Bar speed is directly tied to force production—and the ability to maintain speed under load is a key performance marker.
🔋 Lower RPE = More Quality WorkEven though the weights didn’t change, athletes reported lower RPE across all sets.
That means:
  • Less perceived fatigue
  • More ability to push intensity
  • Higher quality training sessions
💥 More Power + Less Drop-Off at High Intensity
  • Increased power output in the back squat at 60% and 90% 1RM
  • Reduced velocity loss at 80–90% in both squat and deadlift
This is where caffeine really shines:
It helps you maintain performance when fatigue would normally slow you down.
Why This Matters for Athletes: At lower intensities, most athletes can perform well regardless.
But when you’re working at 80–90%+ of your max, the limiting factor becomes your nervous system’s ability to produce and sustain force.
This study reinforces that caffeine can:
  • Enhance neuromuscular output
  • Improve rate of force development
  • Delay performance drop-off under fatigue
In other words:
It helps you perform better when it actually counts.
How to Use This in Training:
​
Before you start slamming 800 mg of caffeine—don’t.
That dose is high and not necessary for most athletes.
But strategically using caffeine can be beneficial for:
  • Heavy lower body days
  • Max effort lifts
  • Testing or competition prep
  • Sessions where bar speed and power are the focus
A moderate dose (often in the 200–400 mg range depending on the athlete) can still provide meaningful performance benefits.
​
*400mg is the max recommended amount for healthy adults and 200 mg taken <2 hours prior to intense exercise in normal environments "does not give rise to safety concerns" per the 
European Food Safety Authority.*
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The Takeaway:
Caffeine isn’t just about energy—it’s about performance.
For athletes, especially those training at high intensities, it can:
  • Improve barbell velocity
  • Increase power output
  • Reduce perceived effort
  • Help maintain performance under fatigue
Used intentionally, it’s a simple tool that can elevate your training sessions.
Please use responsibly and discuss all supplement use with your physician. 
​
https://journals.lww.com/nsca-jscr/abstract/2025/12000/effects_of_caffeine_supplementation_on.9.aspx
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EFSA NDA Panel (EFSA Panel on Dietetic Products, Nutrition and Allergies), 2015. Scientific Opinion on the safety of caffeine. EFSA Journal2015;13(5):4102, 120 pp. doi:10.2903/j.efsa.2015.4102

Blood Flow Restriction (BFR) Therapy: A Powerful Tool in Physical Therapy

4/9/2026

 
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When it comes to building strength and recovering from injury, most people think of lifting heavy weights. But what if you could achieve similar results using much lighter loads? That’s where Blood Flow Restriction (BFR) therapy comes in. We specifically use the highly specialized Smart Cuffs system from Smart tools. 

BFR is an innovative technique used in physical therapy to help patients gain strength, improve function, and recover faster—without putting excessive stress on the body.
What Is Blood Flow Restriction (BFR)? 
BFR involves placing a specialized cuff or band around the upper arm or leg to partially restrict blood flow during exercise. While blood continues to flow into the limb, its return is slowed, creating a controlled environment that challenges the muscles and mimicks high loads without the same stress on your body. This allows patients to perform low-intensity exercises while still achieving the benefits of high-intensity training.

How Does BFR Work? 
By limiting blood flow BFR creates a temporary low-oxygen environment in the muscles. This causes the body to:
  • Recruit more muscle fibers
  • Increase muscle activation
  • Stimulate growth and strength gains
In simple terms, your muscles “think” they’re working harder than they actually are.​

Benefits of BFR in Physical Therapy

1. Builds Strength with Less Stress on JointsBFR allows patients to gain strength using lighter weights, which is especially helpful after surgery or injury when heavy lifting isn’t safe.
2. Speeds Up RecoveryBecause it promotes muscle growth and strength, BFR can help patients recover more quickly and return to normal activities sooner.
3. Prevents Muscle LossAfter surgery or during periods of limited activity, muscles can weaken quickly. BFR helps maintain muscle mass even when movement is restricted.
4. Reduces Pain During ExerciseLow-load exercises are often more comfortable, making it easier for patients to stay consistent with their rehab program.
5. Improves Circulation and EnduranceBFR can enhance blood flow and muscular endurance over time, contributing to better overall performance.

Who Can Benefit from BFR?

BFR is commonly used for:
  • Post-surgical rehabilitation (ACL, knee replacement, shoulder surgery)
  • Athletes recovering from injury
  • Individuals with joint pain or arthritis
  • Patients who cannot tolerate heavy resistance training
  • Clients who want to strengthen past their current performance levels without putting as much load on their bodies

What to Expect During a Session: 

Your physical therapist will place a specialized cuff on your arm or leg and guide you through specific exercises. The pressure is carefully controlled and tailored to you, ensuring safety and effectiveness.
You may feel muscle fatigue or a “burning” sensation more quickly than usual—that’s normal and part of how BFR works.

Is BFR Safe?

 When performed by a trained professional, BFR is considered safe and effective. Proper equipment and supervision are essential to ensure the correct pressure is used. Measurements are taken in clinic to ensure the treatment program is tailored to you individually. ​

Bottom line: Blood Flow Restriction therapy is a game-changing tool in physical therapy—helping patients build strength, recover faster, and get back to the activities they love with less strain on their bodies. Click here to see more about our BFR. 

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Links:
​Blood Flow Restriction (BFR) Training

Blood Flow Restriction for the rotator cuff​

Plantar Fasciitis & The Role of Proximal Strength

3/6/2026

 
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Why looking beyond the foot matters—especially for runners
Plantar fasciitis is one of the most common causes of heel pain, particularly among runners. Traditionally, treatment has focused on the foot itself—stretching the plantar fascia, improving ankle mobility, and addressing footwear. While these interventions can be helpful, emerging research continues to highlight an important truth:
The source of the problem isn’t always where the pain is!!!
Looking Up the Chain
​
A 2025 study published in BMC Sports Science, Medicine & Rehabilitation by Li D. and colleagues adds to a growing body of evidence supporting the role of proximal strength (strength closer to the trunk, such as the hips and thighs) in lower extremity injuries.
In this prospective study:
  • 177 male recreational marathon runners (ages 18–30) were evaluated
  • Strength was measured using hand-held dynamometry
  • Participants were tracked over a 3-month period
Key Findings:
  • Hip abduction asymmetry (outsides of the hips) and knee flexion asymmetry were significantly associated with the development of plantar fasciitis
  • Runners with >32.5% asymmetry in hip abduction strength had a 3.6x greater risk of developing plantar fasciitis
  • ​
What Does This Mean?
Your foot doesn’t function in isolation—it’s part of a larger system. Weakness or imbalance at the hip or knee can alter how forces travel down the leg during activities like running.
For example:
  • Weak hip abductors can lead to poor pelvic control
  • This may cause excessive inward collapse of the knee (valgus)
  • Which in turn increases strain on the foot and plantar fascia
Over time, these repeated stresses can contribute to pain and injury.

Clinical Takeaway
We cannot assume that distal pain (like plantar fasciitis) is caused only by distal issues.
Instead, effective evaluation and treatment should:
  • Assess strength and symmetry at the hips and knees
  • Identify movement patterns during walking or running
  • Address underlying biomechanical contributors, not just symptoms

What This Means for You
If you’re dealing with plantar fasciitis—or trying to prevent it—consider incorporating:
  • Hip strengthening exercises (e.g., side-lying leg raises, band walks)
  • Posterior chain work (glutes and hamstrings)
  • Single-leg stability training
  • Movement assessments to identify asymmetries


The Bigger Picture
This study reinforces a key principle in physical therapy:
Treat the whole system, not just the site of pain.
At ProFormance Therapy & Wellness, we take a comprehensive approach to injury care—looking at how your body moves as a whole to uncover the true drivers of your symptoms.
If you’re a runner dealing with heel pain or looking to stay injury-free, we’re here to help you build strength where it matters most.


Ready to move better and run stronger?
Contact us today to schedule an evaluation.


Source:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40877885/

EXERCISE AND SLEEP: Help or Hinderance?

9/16/2025

 
In talks around sleep hygiene, exercise can be a tough one to pin down. Most voices in our tribe fall in the "train hard, sleep hard" camp, but that's tough to reconcile with the well known fact that exercise gives you an energy boost. How can that possibly be helpful for sleep?
This open access paper in Nature brings a bit of an evidence based perspective via analysis of nearly 15,000 folks across a one year time span. From the publication: "Our results suggest evening exercise—particularly involving high exercise strain—may disrupt subsequent sleep and nocturnal autonomic function. Individuals aiming to improve sleep health may benefit from concluding exercise at least 4 hours before sleep onset or electing lighter strain exercises within this window.".
The paper further discusses how high intensity exercise might disrupt quality and timing of sleep. 
So, get it in, but get it in early!
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Leota, J., Presby, D.M., Le, F. et al. Dose-response relationship between evening exercise and sleep. Nat Commun 16, 3297 (2025). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-025-58271-x

Collagen Supplementation

9/2/2025

 
What is collagen?
Collagen is a distinctive protein and a major component of connective tissues like skin, bones, and cartilage. In the body, collagen is made up of chains of repeating amino acid units, with a high prevalence of glycine, proline, and hydroxyproline. These chains are wound together in very strong, braid-like triple helixes.
Collagen makes up about 30% of the body's 
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protein content. Critical to the body's scaffolding system, collagen provides the strength and flexibility needed by our bones, joints, tendons, and cartilage. Likewise, collagen supports skin integrity by helping maintain its moisture and elasticity. 
 
Why is collagen important?
Your body’s ability to produce collagen decreases by about 1% every year. For most people, collagen production begins to decline in your 20s, which can impact the health of your skin, joints, and hair over time. When you ingest collagen peptides, they help stimulate fibroblasts in your skin, which trigger the production of collagen, elastin, and hyaluronic acid. 
 
How does collagen work?
In the diet, collagen supplementation helps provide the body with key amino acids that act as the building blocks for collagen production. Collagen peptides also appear to have bioactive capabilities, which may trigger the synthesis of new collagen fibers, further supporting the structure of skin, bone, and joint tissue.

What does this mean for us?
As we place extra strain on our tissue with increased training levels, adding collagen to our diet helps our bodies repair the damage, become stronger, and feel better.  
How much should I take?
Start with 2 TBS a day. As you get accoustomed to it, increase to 4 TBS to address pain and increased activity. For clients who are participating in heavy workouts, aim for 6 TBS a day. For clients who are working very hard, over 2 hours a day, or participating in 2-a-days aim for up to 8 TBS a day. 
If counting your macros, account for the collagen protein intake. 

 
Check your physician to see if collagen supplementation is safe for you. 
Sources: 
https://greatlakeswellness.com/blogs/news/collagen-101
https://www.vitalproteins.com/blogs/stay-vital/benefits-of-collagen

Come see ProFormance at the Annual Fleet Feet Fall Fitness Festival (F5)!

8/26/2025

 
Join us on September 6th for a chance to win a FREE mini session of cupping/blading, dry needling, or stretching. We will also be giving out shaker bottles and lacrosse balls. 

​As the Wellness Festival of the season, F5 is the place to be to discover the wealth of wellness at your fingertips. This is a perfect opportunity to treat yourself and connect with your community. We will be providing FREE services and Information. We will also have a giveaway for a FREE mini cupping/blading, dry needling, or stretch wellness visit session in the clinic
. Mark your calendars and invite your friends! We can't wait to see you there. #DryNeedling #Health #fleetfeethuntsvillemadison #HuntsvilleAlabama #Wellness #5K 
​
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​162 Export Circle NW
​Huntsville, AL 35806

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​1104 Annie Ruth Jamar St
Athens, AL 35611
​​

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​Fax: 256-513-9952

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  • Home
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